Peculiare studium (1960.04.22)
The document “Peculiare studium” (22 April 1960), issued by John XXIII as an apostolic letter, proclaims John Bosco “heavenly patron” of all Spanish “young apprentices” (Jóvenes Aprendices Españoles). Under a pious pretext—concern for working youth amid moral dangers—it clothes a socio-pedagogical program with religious language, proposes Don Bosco as emblematic model, and juridically extends his patronage with liturgical privileges to a mass category defined primarily by labor status rather than supernatural criteria. In reality, this brief text exemplifies the shift from the reign of Christ and the integral mission of the Church to a sentimental, horizontal, anthropocentric cult of “youth,” preparing the ideological terrain of the conciliar revolution.










